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- Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Grim Prediction of the Future
-
- Nineteen Eighty-Four was written between the years of 1945 and 1948. Orwell got the title from switching
- the last two numbers of the publication date. In OrwellÆs criticism of a perfect society, his book became
- known as one of the greatest anti-utopian novels of all time. The bookÆs message is so powerful that some
- say it went so far as to prevent the sinister future from realizing itself.
-
- Althought the book starts out as the story of a neurotic, paranoid man, it quickly turns into a protest
- against a quasi-utopian society and a totalitarian government. The book appears to be a satire at the start,
- similar to books such as ôGulliverÆs Travelsö, or HuxleyÆs ôBrave New Worldö, but all too quickly the reader
- will ôdiscover, quite unpleasantly, that it is not a satire at all.ö Nineteen Eighty-four is not simply a criticism
- of what Orwell saw happening in his national government with the coming of English Socialism, but a
- warning of the consequences of contemporary governmental practices, and what they where threatening to
- bring about.
-
- Perhaps the book seems so bleak because the events in the book are a somewhat logical projection from
- current conditions and historical environment that Orwell observed in 1948. Perhaps people would be more
- comftorble with the book if they could rule out in their minds the possibility of the profecy becoming a
- reality.
-
- In a critique of his own work, Orwell called Nineteen Eighty-Four ôA work of a future terrible [sic] because it
- rests on a fiction and can not be substantiated by reality or truth. ô But perhaps this future is realizing itself
- more than Orwell thought it would. Orwell, more than likely, would have made note of, but wouldnÆt be
- astonished by, the fact that in 1983 the average American household spent over 7 hours in front of the
- television every night. The number is even greater for those households which currently subscribe to a
- cable service. Those families watch television for more that 58 hours a week. That is more that 2 days
- straight without sleeping, eating, or going to the bathroom.
-
- He also wouldnÆt have passed by this magazine advertisement that could be seen in 1984: Is Big Brother
- watching? If you are tired of Government, tired of big business, tired of everyone telling you who you are
- and what you should be, then now is the time to speak out. Display your disgust and exhibit your
- independence, Wear a ôBig Brother Is Watchingö tee-shirt. $10, Canadians remit us dollars. Big Brother is
- Watching LTD. Neenah, WI. This advertisement makes one wonder if there is really a group dedicated to
- the rise to power of someone called ôBig Brotherö.
-
- No true reader could ever pass off Winstons experience with indifference. You have to have some kind of
- sympathy for a man, even if fictional, who can not remember his childhood, or for that matter, even his
- mother. That is certain to strike a nerve with almost anyone.
-
- In addition to this constant pain of loss, the reader will also have to vicariously live through lengthy
- episodes of of other psychological pains, and physical pain. The reader will also be forced to endure the
- pains of society as ôThe Partyö turns children against parents, friends against friends, and although ther
- reader will discover the beauty of a love between a man and a woman, ôThe Partyö will eventually destroy
- that too.
-
- While ôThe Partyö is an important theme, two other themes are far more important. The first is the
- distruction of language. By eliminating more and more words from peopleÆs vocabularies, ôThe Partyö
- eliminates the ability of people to unite or conspire against the government. However, they are also
- eliminating the possibility of conceiving original thought, which has catastrophic effects. The ultimate goal
- of ôThe Partyö is to reduce the language to only one word thereby eliminating any thought at all. The
- second important theme is the elimination of the past. This is the main character, WinstonÆs, job in the
- ministry of truth, to make sure that ôThe Partyö always looks right about every decision it has made in the
- past.
-
- This quest for total power by ôThe Partyö is an excellent dramatization of Lord ActonÆs famous apothegm,
- ôpower tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.ö ôThe Partyö seems like it wonÆt stop
- until it controls the minds of everyone under itÆs power, and has complete physical and psychological
- surveillance on all people at all time. This is exemplified in the fact that the government can look back at
- you through your television, or telescreen as it is called in the book, and the governmet has set up
- telescreens almost anywhere you can go. While they donÆt have telescreens in unpopulated country sides,
- they have gone through the trouble to place hidden microphones disgused as flowers in those areas. and
- while there are real no laws, the thought police can spy on your thoughts at anytime, and can arrest and kill
- you on a whim. This policy is mythical. It is not really used for punishment, but to scare everyone else into
- being good citizens.
-
- No other work of this century has inspired people with such love of liberty and hatred of tyranny. Humans
- have a basic desire to be free and not controlled. Therefore, to Orwell as to the Utopian reformers, the
- adoption of the governmental doctrine, socialism, was less an economic decision and more a moral decision.
-
- Nineteen Eighty-Four is an expression of Mr. OrwellÆs irritation at many of the facets of English socialism. It
- is also an expression of his moral and intellectual indignation at the concept of totalitarianism, where a
- country is ruled utterly and completely by a group of few. Another critic says that the book is not a
- criticism of English socialism at all, but a warning of the consequences of the contemporoary political paths
- we are following, or were at the time the book was written. The bombs in Nineteen Eighty-Four
- symbolize OrwellÆs pent up rage about everything in the political world from the disasterous state of
- unemployment of the 1930Æs, to the ignorance of the leftist intelligensia, stupidly justifing Stalinism. Some
- literary critics have attributed the bookÆs extreme grimness to OrwellÆs declining Health, and surmise that his
- pessimistic views illustrate his collapsing spirit.
-
- Whatever his inspiration or motivation, almost fifty years after its first publication, Nineteen Eighty-Four
- remains one of the great novels of this century.
-